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Dissociative disorders are mental health conditions characterized by disruptions or discontinuities in a person’s normal sense of identity, consciousness, memory, or perception of reality.

Common types of dissociative disorders include dissociative amnesia, dissociative identity disorder (DID), and depersonalization/derealization disorder.

Dissociative disorders often result from traumatic experiences, such as abuse, neglect, or accidents, particularly during childhood.

Dissociative disorders can lead to significant distress and impairment in daily functioning. They may interfere with memory, emotions, relationships, and overall quality of life.

Diagnosis of dissociative disorders typically involves a comprehensive evaluation by a mental health professional, including a detailed history, assessment of symptoms, and ruling out other possible explanations.

Treatment may involve a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and support from mental health professionals. Therapy approaches such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT), and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) may be beneficial.

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) was previously known as multiple personality disorder, but the terminology has evolved to reflect a better understanding of the condition. DID involves the presence of two or more distinct identity states that alternate control of the individual’s behaviour.

While there is no “cure” for dissociative disorders, treatment can help individuals manage symptoms, improve functioning, and achieve greater integration of identity states. Recovery is possible with appropriate support and therapy.

Family members and friends can provide emotional support, encourage treatment adherence, and educate themselves about dissociative disorders to better understand their loved one’s experiences.

Additional information and support for dissociative disorders can be obtained from mental health professionals, support groups, and reputable online resources such as the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) or the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation (ISSTD).